Showing posts with label NATO. Show all posts
Showing posts with label NATO. Show all posts

Thursday, June 30, 2022

'How can you trust Russia?' Nervous Lithuanians sign up for border militia

 

Having a neighbor like Russia at the end of the street means 59-year-old Vytas Grudzinskas doesn't get much rest. "I can see the soldiers best at night," he says, pointing to a patch of green behind his neighbor's garden.

"They have a shooting range they use over there behind that field. In the afternoon, you can hear the guns," he said.

Grudzinskas has his own weapon, a machine gun, which he keeps locked in a cupboard, close at hand -- although his guard dog, a Maltese terrier, might be less effective in battle.

The small city of Kybartai where Grudzinska lives lies inside both NATO and the European Union but also along one of the world's hottest borders -- the Suwalki corridor. This tract of land, about 60 miles wide, is sandwiched between Russia's heavily fortified, nuclear-armed, Baltic bolthole of Kaliningrad and its ally, Belarus. The pass -- viewed by many analysts as a weak point within NATO -- is caught in a pincer grip between Kremlin troops. The fear is that if Ukraine fell, Russia would advance through it next, possibly cutting off the Baltic states in days.


 

The scars of Soviet occupation run deep in this part of Europe. Tens of thousands of Lithuanians were forcibly deported to gulags in Siberia and the far north by the Soviets in the 1940s and 1950s. Almost 30,000 Lithuanian prisoners perished in the forced labor camps.

"My father was sent to Sakhalin in Russia's far west for 15 years," said Grudzinskas. "He ate grass the first year to survive."

So, when Russia annexed Crimea in 2014, Grudzinskas joined Lithuania's century-old volunteer militia -- the Riflemen -- and took up arms in his own backyard.

That means he's the first line of defense if the Kremlin's troops, stationed 60 feet away in the Russian exclave, put one foot on NATO soil.

"How can you trust Russia? With our history?" he asked.

"Of course, I'm scared. How could I not be?" he added. "My family is here. I built this house with my bare hands." 


 

The 103-year-old Riflemen militia has seen its numbers balloon since Russia invaded Ukraine in February, according to its commanding officer.

Currently there are about 12,000 volunteer members, said Egidijus Papeckys, commander of the Riflemen's 4th Regional Command. And that number is increasing each month by tenfold, he said.

Since the first days of the Ukraine war, the number of new recruits seeking to join each month has risen from 10 to 12 to more than 100.


 

At his headquarters in the city of Marijampole, deep in the Suwalki corridor, Papeckys shows off some of the arsenal at his unit's disposal, including assault rifles, handguns and grenade launchers.

The 51-year-old is also desperate to avoid a return to Russian rule. His father was sent to Siberia, as were his wife's relatives.

"We remember the Soviet occupation, and we do not like to be occupied any more. We are free people," Papeckys said.

At a swearing-in ceremony held on the 103rd anniversary of the Riflemen in the neighboring city of Kalvarija, new member Karolis Baranauskas says he was always interested in the organization but that the war in Ukraine called him to action. Although he was born in 1990, the year Lithuania became independent from the Soviet Union, he says that "every Lithuanian knows that Russia is a threat. The recent events prove that."

To better protect the Baltics, NATO has radically overhauled its defense planning in this part of the world, announcing ahead of a summit in Madrid this week that it would increase its presence in the region enough to repel any attack in real time, rather than sending in troops to recapture territory once it's been seized.

That will mean thousands more troops, which Lithuania would like to see based permanently around the small country's 621-mile-long borders with Belarus and Russia.

Deputy Minister of Defense Margiris Abukevicius concedes it could take two years for such troops to be in place. But he says there's now an understanding that military capabilities need a substantial upgrade around Suwalki and elsewhere. The corridor, also known as the Suwalki Gap, has always been a cause of worry, according to Abukevicius. It's understood to be a "weak point" by the Baltics and NATO.

"In the current situation we understand the vulnerability much clearer," he told CNN in an interview on Tuesday at the Ministry of Defense in Vilnius, the capital.

"I think NATO understands that and takes decisions," he said. "I really hope that NATO's summit this week will give a very strong response and a very clear direction where NATO's long-term adaptation should go."

At the same time, Lithuania says it has been fending off ongoing Russian cyberattacks on its state institutions and private sector in recent days following its decision last week to block some goods like grain and steel -- which are subject to EU sanctions -- from being transported by train into Kaliningrad. Although cyberattacks by Russian hackers are relatively common in Lithuania, Abukevicius says the blockade was the "trigger point."

"We are seeing an increase in activity at state institutions against some critical operators -- especially transport and the media," Abukevicius said.

During target practice at a shooting range nestled in the lush landscape of Marijampole, Grudzinskas and other members of Papeckys' unit aim their assault rifles during target practice, just as the Russian soldiers behind Grudzinskas' street often do.

Their shots momentarily shatter the quiet, but for now the fragile peace holds.

source

Sunday, June 19, 2022

Western support for Kyiv must not cease, say NATO chief Jens Stoltenberg and British Prime Minister Boris Johnson


 

The West must prepare for a long war in Ukraine as Russia makes incremental gains in a furious battle to control the country's east, the NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg and British Prime Minister Boris Johnson have both said.

In separate comments published Sunday, Stoltenberg and Johnson also reiterated that Western governments must continue to support Ukraine to deter future aggression by Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Stoltenberg told the German newspaper Bild am Sonntag that nobody knew how long the conflict would last but "we need to prepare for the fact that it could take years."

"We must not cease to support Ukraine. Even if the costs are high, not only for military support, but also because of rising energy and food prices."

Boris Johnson, writing in the Sunday Times after his second visit to Kyiv on Friday, said Western allies must "steel ourselves for a long war, as Putin resorts to a campaign of attrition, trying to grind down Ukraine by sheer brutality."

Johnson said that seizing all of Ukraine's Donbas, which covers much of eastern Ukraine, had been Putin's objective for the last eight years "when he ignited a separatist rebellion and launched his first invasion."

While Russia was still short of this goal, "Putin may not realise it but his grand imperial design for the total reconquest of Ukraine has been derailed. In his isolation, he may still think total conquest is possible."

Both men stressed the need to avert future Russian aggression.

Stoltenberg said: "If Putin learns the lesson from this war that he can just carry on as he did after the Georgia war in 2008 and the occupation of Crimea in 2014, then we will pay a much higher price."

Johnson asked what would happen if President Putin was free to keep all the areas of Ukraine now controlled by Russian forces. "What if no one was willing to lift a finger as he annexed this conquered territory and its fearful people into a greater Russia? Would this bring peace?"


 

Johnson said that through firm long-term support for Ukraine, "we and our allies will be protecting our own security as much as Ukraine's and safeguarding the world from the lethal dreams of Putin and those who might seek to copy them."

Johnson wrote: "Time is the vital factor. Everything will depend on whether Ukraine can strengthen its ability to defend its soil faster than Russia can renew its capacity to attack. Our task is to enlist time on Ukraine's side."

'Strategic advantage'

On Sunday, Ukrainian officials said heavy fighting continues in the city of Severodonetsk -- the epicenter of the bloody battle for Ukraine's eastern Donbas region -- and surrounding communities as Russian forces try to break the resistance of Ukrainian defenders and capture parts of the eastern Luhansk region they don't already control.

Serhii Hayday, head of the regional military administration, said the "battles for Severodonetsk continue," and that the sprawling Azot chemical plant, where some 500 civilians are sheltering, had been shelled again.


 

Russian operations appear designed to break Ukrainian defenses to the south of Lysychansk and Severodonetsk, cutting off Ukrainian units still defending the two strategically important cities.

To the west, in the Donetsk region, also in the Donbas, the Ukrainian military reported further shelling of Ukrainian positions near Sloviansk. There was also a missile strike in the area, according to an operational update by the Ukrainian General Staff. But there appears to have been little change in frontline positions.

Stoltenberg was cautiously optimistic that Ukraine could turn the tide of the war. "Although the battle in Donbass is being waged more and more brutally by Russia, Ukrainian soldiers are fighting valiantly. With more modern weapons, the probability increases that Ukraine will be able to drive Putin's troops out of Donbas again."

Ukraine's military has been burning through Soviet-era ammunition that fits older systems. While Western weapon systems are arriving, Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky warned this week that they needed to come faster as Russia amasses a significant artillery advantage around the two cities in eastern Ukraine.

US officials insist that Western arms are still flowing to the front lines of the fight. But local reports of weapons shortages -- and frustrated pleas from Ukrainian officials on the front lines -- have raised questions about how effectively supply lines are running.

The Biden administration announced Wednesday it was providing an additional $1 billion in military aid to Ukraine, a package that includes shipments of additional howitzers, ammunition and coastal defense systems. While the UK "plans to work with our friends to prepare Ukrainian forces to defend their country, with the potential to train up to 10,000 soldiers every 120 days," Johnson said.

While Russia has been making incremental gains in eastern Ukraine, Johnson stressed the attrition of Russian forces in the grinding battles, saying Russia would need "years, perhaps decades, to replace this hardware. And hour by hour Russian forces are expending equipment and ammunition faster than their factories can produce them." 

Data as of June 16, 2022 at 3 p.m. ET

Notes: “Assessed” means the Institute for the Study of War has received reliable and independently verifiable information to demonstrate Russian control or advances in those areas. Russian advances are areas where Russian forces have operated in or launched attacks, but they do not control them. “Claimed” areas are where sources have said control or counteroffensives are occurring, but ISW cannot corroborate nor demonstrate them to be false.

Sources: The Institute for the Study of War with AEI’s Critical Threats Project; LandScan HD for Ukraine, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Graphic: Renée Rigdon, CNN


 

In late May, Ukrainian officials said Russian units were being reinforced by mothballed Soviet-era T-62 tanks, which appeared to have been brought out of storage.

The British Prime Minister added: "The UK and our friends must respond by ensuring that Ukraine has the strategic endurance to survive and eventually prevail."

He laid out four essential steps to support Ukraine, which included: preserving the Ukrainian state which includes: ensuring the country receives "weapons, equipment, ammunition and training more rapidly than the invader and build up its capacity to use our help;" a "long-term effort to develop" alternative overland routes to overcome Russia's "stranglehold on Ukraine's economy by blockading its principal export routes across the Black Sea." 


 

This weekend, Zelensky visited the frontlines in the coastal city of Odesa and southern city of Mykolaiv, which are both Russian targets in its attempt to seize the Black Sea coast.

Johnson added that Russian blockade of Black Sea ports meant that some "25 million tonnes of corn and wheat -- the entire annual consumption of all the least developed countries -- is piled up in silos across Ukraine."

On the forthcoming NATO summit in Madrid, Stoltenberg said that a new strategy concept will be adopted "will declare that Russia is no longer a partner, but a threat to our security, peace and stability."

He said that "Russia's nuclear saber rattling is dangerous and irresponsible. Putin must know that a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be waged."

source